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What is a fiat currency?

Fiat money is a government-issued currency that is not backed by a commodity such as gold. Fiat money gives central banks greater control over the economy because they can control how much money is printed. Most modern paper currencies, such as the U.S. dollar, are fiat currencies.

What is the purpose of fiat money?

The purpose of fiat money is to increase the stability of a currency and the central bank's ability to control the money supply. Before the US dollar had been severed from the gold standard, for example, people would historically hoard gold in times of economic uncertainty. This caused market shocks to be exacerbated.

What are some examples of fiat money?

The U.S. dollar, the euro, the British pound, the Japanese yen, the Albanian lek, and the Indian rupee are all examples of fiat money. Because it's a currency that is backed by an issuing government, fiat money usually provides some economic stability—but not always.

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